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Sunday, April 22, 2012

[27] Discourse markers / linking words

[artykuł przeniesiony z poprzedniego adresu]

I was wondering about the category of this article for quite a long time. Finally I decided that it will be most useful for writing.

Today I'm going to show you different ways of connecting phrases, introducting examples or contrast etc. You will need them to write essays that seem to 'flow' as my English teacher says.

Mówiąc już po polsku, są to po prostu słowa czy wyrażenia, które sprawiają, że tekst jest spójny, a poszczególnie zdania łączą się ze sobą bądź kontrastują. Nie zmieniają one sensu zdania, a ich znaczenie jest nieco 'puste'.

Mini-dictionary
purpose – cel
balancing – równoważenie
to sum up  - podsumowując
point out – zwrócić uwagę
attitude – nastawienie
frankly – szczerze
incidentally – nawiasem mówiąc
on top of that – na domiar tego
therefore – a więc, zatem, dlatego
eventually – in the end (NIE ‘ewentualnie’, jakby mogło się wydawać)
nonetheless, nevertheless – niemniej jednak, mimo to
moreover, furthermore - ponadto
as far as I am concerned – jeśli chodzi o mnie

Purpose
Discourse markers





Adding information

in addition
another thing is
as well as that
on top of that
what’s more
moreover
 furthermore
with regard to
regarding


Balancing contrasting ideas

on the other hand
whereas
while


Changing the subject

anyway
incidentally


Concluding / summing up

to sum up
in short


Pointing out a contrast

however
despite this
nonetheless
nevertheless


Giving examples

for example
for instance


Logical consequence

therefore
so
as a result
 consequently



Making something clear

actually
as a matter of fact
in fact
in other words
what I mean is



Showing your attitude

to be honest
quite honestly
frankly
as far as I am concerned





Structuring and sequencing

to start with
lastly
at first
firstly
then
in the end
eventually



And that's all for today. I hope it will be useful. If you know some linking words that shouldn't be omitted and I forgot about them, write in commnets.

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